CONCLUSIONS: More targeted enforcements and retailer education by store type may be necessary to increase compliance.

Little is known about the cleaning products used by early care and education programs that contribute to childhood asthma, particularly in Oklahoma where rates of uncontrolled asthma are higher than national rates (60.0% vs. 50.3%, respectively). We conducted a cross-sectional study of cleaning products used by Oklahoma-licensed family child care homes (FCCHs) (n = 50) to characterize and identify potential respiratory-health risks associated with chemical contents. Overall, 386 chemicals were...

Background: About 12 million children under 5 years of age attend early care and education centers (ECEs). Child intake at home can be impacted by food insecurity, which is higher among low income, rural, and racially diverse families. Aim: Determine whether greater access to fruits, vegetables, and snacks at home was associated with heart-healthy diet score at home and at ECEs in preschool-age children, and to determine whether there is a difference in heart-healthy diet score between home and...

CONCLUSION: Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) is associated with SSc and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, similar to other autoimmune diseases with type 1 interferon pathogenesis, namely, systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren syndrome.

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a vascular pathology with high prevalence among the aging population. PAD is associated with decreased cognitive performance, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Normal brain function critically depends on an adequate adjustment of cerebral blood supply to match the needs of active brain regions via neurovascular coupling (NVC). NVC responses depend on healthy microvascular endothelial function. PAD is associated with significant endothelial...

CONCLUSION: Use of vaginal-perineal culture for assessment of maternal GBS colonization is comparable to the more typically utilized vaginal-rectal culture and is associated with less discomfort.

CONCLUSION: Real-world evidence shows that patients with cancer, especially hematologic malignancies, are at higher risk for developing breakthrough infections and severe outcomes. Patients with vaccination were at markedly decreased risk for breakthrough infections. Further work is needed to assess boosters and new SARS-CoV-2 variants.

During influenza A virus (IAV) infection, it is unclear whether type I interferons (IFNs) have defensive antiviral effects or contribute to immunopathology in smokers. We treated nonsmoking (NS) and cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed mice intranasally with early (prophylactic) or late (therapeutic) IFN-β. We compared the mortality and innate immune responses of the treated mice following challenge with IAV. In NS mice, both early and late IFN-β administration decreased the survival rate in mice...

The purpose of this study was to utilize community-based participatory research (CBPR) methods to identify behaviors that may increase the exposure rates of firefighters to carcinogens and other occupational hazards. Key informant interviews and focus groups were conducted as part of a larger study that included exposure assessments at fire stations, in fire engines, and in personal vehicles. A purposive sample of five fire chiefs and leaders of the firefighter association was chosen, and these...

American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons bear a disproportionate burden of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers and face unique challenges to HPV vaccination. We undertook a systematic review to synthesize the available evidence on HPV vaccination barriers and factors among AI/AN persons in the United States. We searched fourteen bibliographic databases, four citation indexes, and six gray literature sources from July 2006 to January 2021. We did not restrict our search by...

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study of US children with SARS-CoV-2, there were observed differences in demographic characteristics, preexisting comorbidities, and initial vital sign and laboratory values between severity subgroups. Taken together, these results suggest that early identification of children likely to progress to severe disease could be achieved using readily available data elements from the day of admission. Further work is needed to translate this knowledge into...

CONCLUSIONS: Among healthy United States mother-infant dyads, appetite, and growth-regulating factors in human milk did not differ significantly by infant sex.

CONCLUSIONS: This study initially verified that it is feasible to utilize FPM to develop a high-resolution and wide-field chromosome sample scanner.